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1. Table of Main Properties of Emerald
| Property | Typical Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Density | ~2.7–2.8 g/cm³ | Moderate |
| Modulus of Elasticity (E) | ~150–200 GPa | High but brittle |
| Tensile strength | Low | Brittle |
| Hardness (HV) | ~700–900 HV | Medium |
| Hardness (Mohs) | 7.5–8 | Lower than corundum |
| Thermal conductivity | Low | |
| Electrical conductivity | None | Insulator |
| Coefficient of expansion | ~5–8 ×10⁻⁶ /K | Low |
| Magnetism | No | Non-magnetic |
| Corrosion resistance | Excellent | Stable |
| Machinability | Not applicable | Cut stone only |
2. General description
Emerald is a variety of beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈), characterized by its green color due to the presence of chromium and/or vanadium. An emblematic gemstone, it is used exclusively in watchmaking for jewelry applications.
Unlike other materials used in technical watchmaking, Emerald has an intrinsic fragility due to the frequent presence of internal inclusions. These characteristics strongly limit its use to elements not subject to mechanical stress or exposed to impact.
3. Nature and characteristics
Natural Emerald is distinguished by:
- characteristic inclusions (called “jardin”)
- variability of color and transparency
- heterogeneous internal structure
These inclusions, although aesthetically valued, constitute zones of mechanical weakness.
4. Cutting
Although all types of cuts are applicable, Emeralds are generally cut according to:
- Emerald cut (rectangular with cut corners)
- Round cut (rarer)
- Cabochon cut (depending on quality)
5. Watchmaking applications
External parts (case, dial, hands) jewelry (rare)
- Setting (stone/jewel setting) on cases
- Bracelets jewelry
- Bezels set with stones
Being fragile and exposed to impacts, Emerald is very rarely used for Setting (stone/jewel setting) on such external parts (case, dial, hands) elements.
Dials (most common)
6. Advantages and limitations
Advantages
- Exceptional aesthetics
- Unique and recognizable color
- High jewelry value
- Noble Material
Limitations
- Significant fragility
- Sensitivity to impact
- Presence of inclusions
- Difficulty of processing
- Strictly decorative use
- High cost
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