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1. Table of the main properties of silver
| Property | Typical value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Volumic mass | ~10.5 g/cm³ | High |
| Modulus of Elasticity (E) | ~80–85 GPa | Moderate |
| Tensile strength | ~150–300 MPa | Depends on the Alloy |
| Hardness (HV) | ~25–100 HV | Low |
| Thermal conductivity | ~400–430 W/m·K | Very high |
| Electrical conductivity | ~60–63 MS/m | The highest |
| Thermal Expansion | ~18–20 ×10⁻⁶ /K | Moderate |
| Melting point | ~961 °C | |
| Magnetism | No | Non-magnetic |
| Corrosion resistance | Moderate | Tarnishing |
| Machinability | Good |
2. General description
Silver is a precious metal that has been used in watchmaking since its origins, particularly for the manufacture of visible and decorative components. With excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, good ductility, and great ease of shaping, it has long held an important place in watchmaking.
Today, its use has become very limited, mainly due to its sensitivity to oxidation (tarnishing) and its mechanical properties being inferior to those of other modern materials. However, it remains in certain specific applications or in artisanal and historical creations.
3. Types of silver used in watchmaking
Pure silver (Ag 999)
Historically used, but rarely employed today due to its low mechanical resistance.
Characteristics:
- Very ductile
- Easy to work with
- Low hardness
Alloyed silver (925 silver / sterling)
Silver is generally alloyed with copper to improve its resistance.
Composition:
- 92.5% Silver
- 7.5% Copper
Use:
- Watch cases (historically)
- Dials
4. Surface treatments
Due to its sensitivity to tarnishing, Silver is often treated:
- Rhodium plating → protection + shiny white appearance
- Gilding → protection and aesthetics
- Passivation → limitation of oxidation
These treatments help improve its stability over Time.
5. Watchmaking applications
Historically, silver has been used for:
- Watch cases
- Dials
- Decorative components
Today, its applications are more limited:
- Artisanal or historical pieces
- Specific aesthetic elements
- Dials high-end (Guilloché (engine-turning))
6. Advantages and limitations
Advantages
- Excellent conductivity
- Very good formability
- High-quality aesthetic finish
- Noble and historic material
- Non-magnetic
Limitations
- Sensitivity to tarnishing (sulfurization)
- Low Hardness and mechanical strength
- High cost
- Poorly suited to modern requirements
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