PAINTED DIALS
Painted dials have become widely used during the 20th century. They are now found in all price segments.
The production of a painted dial begins with its base, primarily made of brass. The dial plate can be stamped or machined. Various openings (windows, subdials, etc.) and different perforations (for hands, possible indices’ feet) are typically done in the same machining operation. Stamping production may potentially involve working on the dial’s reliefs (subdial basins, flanges, even indices or numerals), and/or its decoration (geometric patterns, figurative motifs, etc.).
Milling offers similar possibilities, and its operations are generally carried out in a single cycle. The dial feet are then welded. This step can be done manually, using a machine that precisely positions and welds the foot, or, on an industrial scale, entirely automated.
The dial base then undergoes finishing processes. Sandblasting, microblasting, satin finishing, circling, sunburst finishing, polishing, beveling, and even engraving or Geneva stripes—the full range of decorations can be applied individually or in combinations, done either by handcraft or industrially.
Before the dial is painted, it usually undergoes electroplating treatment (rhodium plating or gold plating) to provide a uniform background colour and prevent the risk of oxidation. The paint is either hand-sprayed or applied using automated machinery. For optimal cleanliness, painting is often done in booths located in controlled atmosphere zones (dry and filtered air, slight overpressure, etc.). Once dry, a protective varnish (against oxidation, UV, etc.), commonly called zapon, is applied. Depending on the chosen zapon, the dial will have a matte or glossy appearance. Once the zapon is dry, decaling and the placement of any appliqués (numerals, indices, brand, logo, etc.) can be carried out.