MEMS

MEMS stands for “Micro Electro Mechanical Systems”, meaning electromechanical microsystems: miniaturized components manufactured using microelectronics techniques (photolithography, Engraving deep), generally in Silicon. In watchmaking, MEMS-derived processes — notably deep Engraving of Silicon (process DRIE (Deep Reactive Ion Etching)) — have made it possible to produce components of Escapement and Resonator of a precision and complexity unattainable by traditional machining: Escapement wheels, pallets, hairsprings, and even complete Escapements in Silicon. These parts offer notable advantages: lightness, no need for Lubrication for certain functions, insensitivity to magnetism, and optimized geometries reproducible identically. Silicon, which appeared in series-produced movements in the early 2000s, thus opened a major avenue of innovation, while sparking debates about tradition and reparability. MEMS techniques illustrate the convergence between watchmaking and the high technologies of microfabrication. They now contribute to the chronometric and antimagnetic performance of many contemporary calibers.